蛋白突变改造:主流方案、迭代方向与 PCR/NGS 落地可行性
宝锐生物 营销中心 · 技术情报 | 2026-09-12 证据口径:本报告中每一个定量数字都标注来源;来源标注
✓全文= 该文献全文已在本机语料库(可检索、可复核);⚠摘要= 仅读到摘要/题录。未获来源之数字一律标「未核实」。 检索通道:PubMed E-utilities / Crossref / OpenAlex / Europe PMC(API 直调,每条 DOI 均二次核实);本地全文语料库 72 篇(BM25 段落级检索,可逐句复核)。
0. 结论先行
0. 结论先行
| # | 结论 | 支撑 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 主流方案已从「随机突变 + 筛选」转为「数据高效闭环」:先做小库、用序列-功能模型挑下一轮变体、再测,而不是盲目堆库容 | Yang/Wu/Arnold 2019 ⚠摘要;Wu 2019 PNAS ✓全文;Cobb/Chao/Zhao ✓全文 |
| 2 | 通量瓶颈已从「筛选」前移到「测序与数据质量」:液滴分选可达 10⁷ 库容级别,读出与纠错成为限制项 | Agresti 2010 PNAS ✓全文(每库 ~10⁷ 变体);Duplex/Safe-SeqS ✓全文 |
| 3 | PCR/NGS 场景是当前最容易落地的切口:聚合酶/逆转录酶的耐抑制、热稳定、保真度三类改造都有公开的定量对标值,且方法层专利已大量过期 | Kermekchiev 2009 NAR ✓全文;Cline 1996 NAR ✓全文;Ghadessy 2001 PNAS ✓全文;D4 草稿专利态势 |
| 4 | 对宝锐最现实的三步:①以「抗抑制 + 热稳定」为选择压力做酶变体库;②用现有 PCR/qPCR 读出替代昂贵分选平台起步;③把 NGS + UMI 纠错作为库解析的读出 | 见 §6 |
1. 主流方案:五代范式(并存而非替代)
1. 主流方案:五代范式(并存而非替代)
| 代际 | 方案 | 代表方法 | 库容/通量 | 关键约束 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 一代 | 随机突变建库 | epPCR、化学诱变、易错滚环 | 10³–10⁶ | 突变率窗口窄、突变谱有偏性 |
| 二代 | 重组/嵌合 | DNA shuffling、StEP、同源重组 | 10⁴–10⁶ | 需同源序列;方法层专利多已过期 |
| 三代 | 区室化/超高通量筛选 | 区室化自复制(CSR)、液滴分选(FADS) | 10⁷–10⁸ | 需微流控平台;表型-基因型必须偶联 |
| 四代 | 连续进化 | 噬菌体辅助连续进化等体内进化 | 连续 | 体系搭建重;依赖宿主 |
| 五代 | 计算/机器学习辅助 | MLDE、主动学习、蛋白语言模型 | 计算侧 | 依赖高质量小数据;需闭环实测 |
一代——随机突变建库(仍在用,但已高度工程化)
- Agresti 2010(PNAS)实际做法:第一代用 epPCR 1–3 个突变/基因 + 活性位点饱和突变(5 个残基一组);第二代改用高/低突变率两种 epPCR 库并对第一代最优序列做重组 ✓全文(DOI 10.1073/pnas.0910781107)。
- 突变率是可调参数:✓全文 的经典来源给出 epPCR 突变率区间与 Mn²⁺ 依赖(具体区间数字需以该文正文为准,本稿不转抄未核实数值)。
二代——重组 - DNA shuffling(体外随机片段化+重组)方法层专利 US5605793 属 1990 年代申请,20 年保护期 → 多数已到期或临界,方法层自由实施空间大(D4 草稿 §7,到期日需专利律师逐一核对)。
三代——区室化与超高通量
- CSR(区室化自复制):Ghadessy 2001 PNAS,用「聚合酶必须复制自身基因才能存活」的压力直接富集耐热变体。定量:97.5 ℃ 活性半衰期,野生型 Taq 1.5 min → 变体 T8 16.4 min;肝素耐受从>5.2 U/ml 即被抑制 → H15 在 1,350 U/ml 仍活跃 ✓全文(DOI 10.1073/pnas.071052198)。
- 液滴分选(FADS):单液滴即一个反应器,按酶活信号分选,每库约 10⁷ 变体、可直接以细胞表面展示做表型-基因型偶联 ✓全文(Agresti 2010)。
四代/五代 —— 见 §3(前沿)。
2. 定量对标表(PCR/NGS 场景可直接引用的数字)
2. 定量对标表(PCR/NGS 场景可直接引用的数字)
| 指标 | 数值 | 来源 |
|---|---|---|
| Taq 活性半衰期 @97.5 ℃ | 1.5 min(野生型) | Ghadessy 2001 ✓全文 |
| 工程化 Taq(T8)@97.5 ℃ | 16.4 min(≈11 倍) | 同上 ✓全文 |
| 肝素耐受 | 野生型 >5.2 U/ml 被抑制 → H15 达 1,350 U/ml | 同上 ✓全文 |
| Klentaq1 / Taq 耐全血 | 野生型背景可直扩 5–10% 全血;codon 708 再突变后拓宽至血浆/血红蛋白/乳铁蛋白/血清 IgG/腐殖酸 | Kermekchiev 2009 NAR ✓全文 |
| Pfu 错配率(exo⁻) | 4.7 × 10⁻⁵ 突变频率/bp/倍增 | Cline 1996 NAR ✓全文 |
| KTLA 混合体系错配率 | 3.9 × 10⁻⁶(比 Pfu 高 3 倍) | 同上 ✓全文 |
| Bst 持续合成能力 | 比 Taq 高 约 10 倍 | IJMS 2026 综述 ✓全文 |
| MMLV RT 热稳定(M5 五突变) | 55 ℃ 半衰期 <5 min → 约 30 min(E69K/E302R/W313F/L435G/N454K) | Arezi 2009 NAR ✓全文 |
| Bst 工程化:Topo V C2 域融合 | 95 ℃ 半衰期 ×8,并提升持续合成能力与耐盐 | IJMS 2026 综述 ✓全文(转引) |
| Bst 工程化:K431E + 古菌 DBD | 提升热稳定性与耐抑制剂,活性 约 ×2 | 同上 ✓全文(转引) |
| 测序背景错误(双链纠错) | Duplex Sequencing 可将单链读出误差降至双链一致水平 | Schmitt 2012 PNAS ✓全文 |
3. 迭代方向(2023–2026)
3. 迭代方向(2023–2026)
每条均给出可核实 DOI;
✓全文= 本机语料库已收录全文(可逐句复核);⚠摘要= 仅题录。
3.1 从「堆库容」转向「数据高效闭环」
- 主动学习(ALDE):把每轮已测变体回灌模型,只合成模型推荐的少量变体。实测口径——整个湿实验工程只筛了 6 块 96 孔板;因交付精确基因,第 1、2 轮无需测序(Nat Commun 2025,
10.1038/s41467-025-55987-8✓全文)。 - 无细胞 + ML 闭环:把无细胞 DNA 组装、无细胞表达与模型预测串成一条平台,压缩「设计→表达→测活」周期(Nat Commun 2025,
10.1038/s41467-024-55399-0✓全文)。 - 适应度-多样性协同优化:避免模型收敛到局部最优而丢失序列多样性(Nat Commun 2024,
10.1038/s41467-024-50698-y✓全文)。 - 综述:ML 引导蛋白工程(ACS Catal 2023,
10.1021/acscatal.3c02743✓全文);ML 辅助酶工程的机遇与挑战(ACS Cent Sci 2024,10.1021/acscentsci.3c01275✓全文)。
3.2 蛋白语言模型(PLM):从「打分」走向「闭环实验」
- 零样本预测:通用 PLM 直接预测突变效应,用于先剔除明显有害变体、把湿实验预算集中到少数候选(Nat Biotechnol 2023,
10.1038/s41587-023-01763-2✓全文)。 - PLM + 自动生物铸造厂:零样本预测挑变体 → 机器人实验 → 数据回灌,形成自驱动实验室雏形;其对照的贝叶斯优化路线(BO-EVO)每轮 384 个变体、4 轮共 1,536 个(Nat Commun 2025,
10.1038/s41467-025-56751-8✓全文)。 - EVOLVEpro:PLM 驱动的快速 in silico 定向进化(Science 2025,
10.1126/science.adr6006✓全文,经 Crossref 核实)。
3.2b 【重点】PLM/深度学习已经直接用在 PCR/等温扩增酶上(不只是通用蛋白)
这是与宝锐最相关的一组证据——中国团队已把「深度学习 + 高通量筛选」用在 Bst DNA 聚合酶上并做出可量化提升:
- 深度学习引导改造 Bst DNA 聚合酶(LAMP 检测食源性致病菌):
Microorganisms2026, 14(5):954(10.3390/microorganisms14050954✓全文,PMID 42197341)。做法:GNN + CNN 建模(n-gram 氨基酸嵌入、时间步与层数用训练集调优)→ 批量预测 kcat 初筛 → 高通量筛选验证 → 结构建模(SWISS-MODEL / SAVES / COACH 活性位点)。 实测结果:① 筛出序列 A0A150MFP3 与突变 L105M,酶活提升 32.92%;② CL7 融合得到 CL7-Bst 变体,热稳定性提升且耐常见抑制剂——明确给出阈值:7%(v/v) 乙醇、0.18‰(w/v) SDS、80 mmol/L NaCl、0.8 mmol/L EDTA。团队为华南农业大学 + 广州双螺旋基因技术有限公司(国内企业落地)。 - SaProt(结构感知蛋白语言模型)改造 phi29 DNA 聚合酶:
Chem Eur J2026(10.1002/chem.71224⚠摘要)。 - 机器学习引导改造 T7 RNA 聚合酶:
Chem Eng J2025(10.1016/j.cej.2025.165191⚠摘要)。 - 更早期同类工作:
Biochemistry2021(10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00451✓全文,Bst 变体的机器学习辅助筛选)。 - 低数据量方法学(民营实验室友好):low-N pick-and-validate 挑出最优变体(
Cell Systems2024,10.1016/j.cels.2024.01.002⚠摘要);ML 辅助蛋白工程最佳实践(J Chem Inf Model2025,10.1021/acs.jcim.5c01983✓全文);PLM 微调与低数据效率提升(Nat Commun2024,10.1038/s41467-024-51844-2✓全文;10.1038/s41467-024-49798-6✓全文)。 - 前沿标志:语言模型模拟「5 亿年进化」(
Science2025,10.1126/science.ads0018⚠摘要);ESM 系进化尺度结构预测(Science2023,10.1126/science.ade2574⚠摘要);生成式 AI 用于酶设计(Curr Opin Chem Biol2026,10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.102728⚠摘要)。
3.3 超高通量筛选:从荧光扩到吸收
- 吸收激活液滴分选(AADS):分选速率达 1 kHz,无需激光与光电倍增管,硬件成本低于 FADS;检测限对比 FADS 为 nM 级、AADS 为高 μM 级(Anal Chem 2023,
10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04144✓全文)。 - 无细胞液滴超高通量:蛋白酶在微滴中完成超高通量定向进化(ACS Synth Biol 2021,
10.1021/acssynbio.0c00538✓全文)。 - 体内高通量筛选辅助定向进化(Biotechnol Biofuels 2024,
10.1186/s13068-024-02457-w✓全文);平台综述(Micromachines 2024,10.3390/mi15080971✓全文;Lab Chip 2024,10.1039/d3lc00729d⚠摘要)。 - 区室化自复制(CSR)仍是聚合酶改造的经典通路:把聚合酶基因与引物/dNTP 共包在油包水区室中,多轮提高温度或肝素浓度即可富集耐热/耐肝素变体(RSC Chem Biol 2023 综述,
10.1039/d2cb00231k✓全文)。
3.4 连续进化扩散到非模式体系
- 噬菌体辅助连续进化用于变构蛋白开关(Nat Commun 2026,
10.1038/s41467-026-71717-0✓全文)。 - PACE + 蛋白工程造出紧凑高效的 prime editor(Cell 2023,
10.1016/j.cell.2023.07.039⚠摘要)。
3.5 读出端:NGS + 纠错成为标配
- 聚合酶保真度直接决定 UMI-NGS 的背景错误率——「酶」与「测序」两个世界的耦合点(Sci Rep 2019,
10.1038/s41598-019-39762-6✓全文)。 - 纠错对 PCR 去重的影响(Quant Biol 2025,
10.1002/qub2.99✓全文);罕见突变检测精度权威综述(Nat Rev Genet 2018,10.1038/nrg.2017.117⚠摘要);Duplex Sequencing 标准流程(Nat Protoc 2014,10.1038/nprot.2014.170⚠摘要)。 - 长读长解析筛选输出:AAV 衣壳库选择输出用拼接长读长整体追踪(Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2024,
10.1016/j.omtm.2024.101351✓全文);纳米孔 + 双 UMI 解析噬菌体展示筛选(New Biotechnol 2024,10.1016/j.nbt.2024.02.001⚠摘要)。 - 降门槛:低成本可扩展的条码化 DMS 建库(PLoS Biol 2026,
10.1371/journal.pbio.3003645✓全文)。
3.6 一句话小结
迭代方向可概括为「更少实验、更多信息」:库容不再是瓶颈,每测一个变体能榨出多少信息才是。对宝锐的含义是——不必先买微流控平台,先把「数据闭环 + 测序读出」建起来,性价比最高。
4. PCR / NGS 场景:哪些改造真的能落地
4. PCR / NGS 场景:哪些改造真的能落地
4.1 聚合酶(PCR/LAMP 方向)
四条已被公开验证的改造轴:
| 改造轴 | 可引用的实证 | 对宝锐的用法 |
|---|---|---|
| 耐抑制剂 | Klentaq1/Taq 变体在 5–10% 全血直扩;对血红蛋白/血红素、腐殖酸、乳铁蛋白、血清 IgG 的耐受分别改善 | 直接对标「全血直扩」「免提取」卖点 |
| 热稳定 | CSR 思路(T8:97.5 ℃ t½×11);Bst 的 C2 域融合 ×8、K431E+DBD | 提高 LAMP/qPCR 高温段稳定性与批间一致性 |
| 持续合成/速度 | Bst 天然持续合成能力 ≈Taq 的 10 倍;Gss 衍生物(NAR 2017,DOI 10.1093/nar/gkx645)同时改善持续合成与耐抑制 | 等温扩增快检的出结果时间 |
| 保真度/错配率 | Pfu exo⁻ 4.7×10⁻⁵、KTLA 3.9×10⁻⁶ 等基准表 | 作为酶 QC 判据与「高保真」宣称的依据 |
| 深度学习/PLM 辅助 | Bst:L105M 酶活 +32.92%;CL7 融合体耐 7% 乙醇、0.18‰ SDS、80 mM NaCl、0.8 mM EDTA(Microorganisms 2026 ✓全文);phi29 用 SaProt 提升活性(2026);T7 RNAP ML 改造(2025) | 已被中国团队在国内落地,可直接照搬「模型初筛 + 高通量验证」流程;也是把 AI 能力写进产品故事的最短路径 |
Bst 工程化的六类策略(IJMS 2026 综述整理,均有原始文献):C2 域融合、K431E+DBD、内含肽/HP47-Sto7d 融合(强化 RT 活性与耐抑制)、PEG 化修饰、定向进化(该综述明确记载有研究用 FADS 分选改造 Bst)、以及基于结构的理性设计。
4.1b 聚合酶 / RT 改造:更完整的定量清单(全部来自已读全文)
| 改造目标 | 变体 / 方法 | 关键数值(原文) | 来源 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bst 耐高温 + 耐变性剂 | 融合域表面电荷工程(supercharging):Br512 系列正/负电荷化变体 | 可 74 ℃ 做 LAMP、高浓度尿素下仍可扩增,检出时间 <10 min;热挑战 75 ℃ 3 min / 80 ℃ 30 s | ACS Synth Biol 2022, 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00559 | ✓全文 |
| Bst 活性 + 耐抑制剂 | 深度学习初筛 + 高通量验证:L105M;CL7 融合 | 酶活 +32.92%;CL7-Bst 耐 7%(v/v) 乙醇、0.18‰(w/v) SDS、80 mmol/L NaCl、0.8 mmol/L EDTA | Microorganisms 2026, 10.3390/microorganisms14050954 | ✓全文 |
| KlenTaq 双属性筛选 | 两步组合库:兼顾错配识别与RT 活性 | 建立组合库并筛出同时改善两种属性的变体(K540、I614 等位点被明确讨论) | Sci Rep 2019, 10.1038/s41598-018-37233-y | ✓全文 |
| Taq 兼具 RT 活性 + NGS 误差评估 | 工程化 Taq 变体(RT-Taq / Mut_RT / V2、V3) | NGS 实测平均误差:RT-Taq 与 Mut_RT ≈ 0.07%;V2/V3 变体 0.14%–0.21% | Sci Rep 2025, 10.1038/s41598-025-10211-x | ✓全文 |
| 耐抑制剂 Taq 变体的快速筛选 | 活菌培养直接 qPCR 初筛(随机 Mg/Mn epPCR 建库);变体 H101 对比 Omni Klentaq | 建立活菌 PCR 筛选流程;以「巧克力」等真实抑制剂样本做抗性对比 | Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2025, 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1624735(Kermekchiev / Barnes 组,即 2009 那篇耐血 Taq 的原班人马) | ✓全文 |
| 热稳定 + 持续合成 RT | Afl RT(Anoxybacillus flavithermus II 类内含子来源) | 50 ℃ 45 min 后保留约 40% 比活;最适 45–50 ℃、pH 8.5、Mn²⁺ 为最佳辅因子 | Biomolecules 2023, 10.3390/biom14010049 | ✓全文 |
| 保真度定量方法学 | PacBio 单分子长读长直接测 A/B/C/D 四大家族聚合酶错配率 | 揭示家族特异的错误谱 | Nucleic Acids Res 2025, 10.1093/nar/gkaf1143 | ✓全文 |
| 抑制剂机制:EDTA | EDTA 除螯合金属外,直接结合 Taq 并抑制其 dNTPase 活性 | 解释了「EDTA 抗性」命题中的机制混淆 | Biomolecules 2019, 10.3390/biom9100621 | ✓全文 |
| Bst 嵌合体 | K431E + 古菌 DBD 融合 | 催化效率 2.03×;DBD-K431E 可 73 ℃ 实时 LAMP、70 ℃ 加热 8 h 后仍有活性、耐 50 U/mL 肝素 | Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023, 10.1007/s00253-023-12751-6 | ⚠摘要(数值取自摘要,未读全文) |
读法提示:上表前 8 行是本机已读全文、可逐句复核的数值;最后一行只有摘要级证据,对外引用前建议先取全文。
4.2 逆转录酶(RNA 检测方向)
- 热稳定:M5 五突变把 55 ℃ 半衰期从 <5 min 提到约 30 min(Arezi 2009
✓全文)——直接支撑「一步法 RT-qPCR 提高退火/延伸温度、减少二级结构干扰」。 - 校正型 RT(RTX 路线)的保真度数值目前仍未能读到原文(Science 2016 付费墙;已找到作者手稿版落点,待人工取回)——不引用未核实数值。
4.3 NGS 侧:把「测序」变成筛选读出
| 方法 | 用途 | 来源 |
|---|---|---|
| Duplex Sequencing | 双链互补标签,消除单链损伤与测序错误 → 可用于突变库的真实频率判定 | Schmitt 2012 PNAS ✓全文 |
| Safe-SeqS | 单分子标签 + 一致性读出,罕见变异识别 | Kinde 2011 PNAS ✓全文 |
| iDES(双链纠错) | 背景错误抑制,用于 ctDNA 超低频检测 | Newman 2016 Nat Biotechnol ✓全文 |
| 微滴数字 PCR(ddPCR) | 单分子分区、约 20,000 液滴/20 μL、绝对定量 | Hindson 2011 Anal Chem ✓全文 |
| 深度突变扫描(DMS) | 建库 → 选择 → 测序反推适应度图谱 | (待并入前沿检索) |
4.4 最低可行组合(民营实验室口径)
目标:不建昂贵的专用分选平台,先用现有 PCR 读出起步,再按需升级。
- 建库:epPCR + 定点饱和突变(1–3 突变/基因起步,Agresti 2010 的做法)→ 库容 10⁴–10⁵ 即可做首轮;
- 选择压力:以真实使用条件为压力(全血/腐殖酸/高温/冻干后复溶),而非理想缓冲液;
- 读出:① 首轮用 qPCR Ct 位移做粗筛;② 进入精筛后转向 NGS + UMI 纠错,把「活性差异」转成「序列频率变化」;
- 迭代:每轮把测序数据回灌到序列-功能模型(MLDE),只合成模型推荐的变体 —— 这一环是省钱的关键;
- 定量把关:突变率、错配率、半衰期、耐抑制剂阈值四项进入受控 QC。
⚠ 成本量级、平台报价与具体试剂目录价本稿未做核实,不作为结论引用。
4.6 补充实证(第二轮四路检索并入 · 2026-09-12)
4.6 补充实证(第二轮四路检索并入 · 2026-09-12)
标记规则同上:
✓全文= 本机语料库已收录、可逐句复核;⚠摘要= 仅有摘要级证据,数字请勿直接对外引用。
4.6.1 耐抑制剂:可直接对标的阈值清单(这是宝锐最该要的一类数据)
| 酶/变体 | 耐受阈值(原文口径) | 来源 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Taq C-66(E818V)/ Klentaq1 H101(K738R) | 免纯化活菌 PCR 筛选约 14,000 个克隆所得;对血液、腐殖酸、植物提取物的耐受优于野生型与已知抗性突变体 | Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2025, 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1624735 | ✓全文 |
| Bst 嵌合体 HpStBL(DNA 结合域 + 疏水蛋白双融合) | 0.1 U/μL 肝素、0.8 ng/μL 腐殖酸、2.5× SYBR Green I、8%(v/v) 全血、20% 组织、2.5% 粪便下保持高活性;ASFV 全血检测灵敏度 93.75%;含 1% 粪便时检出 0.5 pg/μL SARS-CoV-2 RNA | Int J Biol Macromol 2024, 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133243 | ⚠摘要 |
| DBD-K431E(Bst 嵌合) | 耐 50 U/mL 肝素、10% 乙醇、100 mM NaCl;支持 73 ℃ 实时 LAMP;70 ℃ 加热 8 h 后仍有活性 | Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023, 10.1007/s00253-023-12751-6 | ⚠摘要 |
| Neq2X7(开源融合聚合酶) | 错配率 <2×10⁻⁵ bp⁻¹;dTTP 全部替换为 dUTP 不影响扩增;耐受多种 PCR 抑制剂 | BMC Biotechnology 2024, 10.1186/s12896-024-00844-7 | ✓全文 |
| chinera RT V18(chRT V18) | 40–70 ℃ 保持活性,1 min 内完成 cDNA 合成,支持 69 ℃ RT-LAMP,耐临床相关抑制剂 | J Biol Eng 2026, 10.1186/s13036-026-00692-3 | ✓全文 |
| 工程化 MMLV RT(V1/V4) | 30 个突变 × 11 种临床抑制剂评估:E69K / E302K/R / W313F / N454K 与耐受增强相关,L435G 调节构象柔性;耐受性在约 40 ℃ 达最大,野生型被多种抑制剂灭活 | Diagnostics 2026, 10.3390/diagnostics16121881 | ✓全文 |
| EDTA 抑制机制 | EDTA 与 Taq 等 dNTPase 亚微摩尔级 Kd 结合(放热、焓驱动),低于酶-底物与 Mg-EDTA 复合物 | Biomolecules 2019, 10.3390/biom9100621 | ✓全文 |
4.6.2 酶 + 冻干 / 常温储运(直接对应宝锐产线)
| 内容 | 关键数据 | 来源 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Taq 冻干保护剂配方 | 海藻糖二水物 3.3–5%(w/v) + 甘露醇 10%(w/v);37 ℃/55% RH 存放 0/1/4/8/12 周扩增效率无显著下降;5×HS-Taq Mix 最低 0.5 U/反应 | J Pharm Sci 2025, 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.12.022 | ⚠摘要 |
| 比色 LAMP 冻干流程 | 冻干方案开发与评估 | Sci Rep 2024, 10.1038/s41598-024-61163-7 | ✓全文 |
| 高温 LAMP 对耐热 Bst 的刚性需求 | 高温 ssBP-LAMP 依赖新工程化耐热链置换 Bst 才能实现(验证用 21 套引物) | Cell Mol Biol Lett 2026, 10.1186/s11658-026-00926-8 | ✓全文 |
| Bst 突变位点图谱(综述) | 系统梳理影响热稳定性、链置换效率、保真度、耐抑制剂、核苷酸选择性的位点与融合策略 | Int J Biol Macromol 2025, 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148691 | ⚠摘要 |
| 延伸速度对标 | KOD-GT4G-Sto7d:7 kb 靶标仅需 10 s 延伸 | Protein Expr Purif 2025, 10.1016/j.pep.2025.106809 | ⚠摘要 |
| 持续合成能力 | 双突变 G522R-E555R:比活力较野生型 ≈9 倍,持续合成与延伸速率显著提升 | Int J Biol Macromol 2023, 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123545 | ⚠摘要 |
| 单酶 RT-PCR | Pfu-M6 兼具 DNA/RNA 依赖聚合酶活性,可在标准 PCR 条件下以 RNA 为模板 | Biomolecules 2025, 10.3390/biom15111507 | ✓全文 |
4.6.3 筛选与连续进化的新进展
| 内容 | 要点 | 来源 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 体外区室超高通量工程(权威综述) | 体外微腔室工程通量 10⁶–10⁸/天 | Chem Rev 2023, 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00910 | ✓全文 |
| FADS 荧光偶联策略(综述) | 分选速率 kHz 级;荧光偶联可直接改造为聚合酶活性读出 | Biotechnol Adv 2023, 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108173 | ⚠摘要 |
| PACE / PANCE 标准流程 | 连续进化的规范操作规程,突变率可调 | Nat Protoc 2020, 10.1038/s41596-020-00410-3 | ✓全文 |
| Φ29 正交复制系统(高突变连续进化) | 大肠杆菌内高突变率连续进化平台 | Nat Biotechnol 2026, 10.1038/s41587-025-02944-x | ✓全文 |
| 细菌正交 DNA 复制连续进化 | 体内连续进化体系 | Nat Chem Biol 2023, 10.1038/s41589-023-01387-2 | ⚠摘要 |
| CSR + 微流控改造 Phi29 耐盐性 | 区室化自复制已直接用于 DNA 聚合酶改造——与宝锐场景同构 | Front Microbiol 2023, 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1267196 | ✓全文 |
| 无细胞液滴 FADS 筛选 | 无细胞体系下液滴筛选实现表型-基因型偶联 | Nucleic Acids Res 2022, 10.1093/nar/gkac152 | ✓全文 |
| 自驱动实验室 | 自动遍历蛋白适应度景观(需自动化硬件投入) | Nat Chem Eng 2024, 10.1038/s44286-023-00002-4 | ✓全文 |
| ML 同时优化热稳定与活性 | 工业酶热稳定性+活性协同进化 | Nat Commun 2025, 10.1038/s41467-025-55944-5 | ✓全文 |
| MLDE 收益边界评测 | 跨组合景观系统评估 MLDE,量化其收益边界 | Cell Systems 2025, 10.1016/j.cels.2025.101387 | ⚠摘要 |
| 酶专用语言模型 | 催化性质预测优于通用 ESM,可用自有数据微调 | Nat Commun 2026, 10.1038/s41467-026-75283-3 | ✓全文 |
| 零样本预测的陷阱 | AF / ESMFold / ProteinMPNN 的零样本设计成功率被高估——必须湿实验兜底 | Protein Science 2026, 10.1002/pro.70453 | ✓全文 |
4.6.4 把 NGS 变成筛选读出的工具链
| 工具/方法 | 用途 | 来源 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 微流控 DMS 解析聚合酶特异性 | 直接把 DMS 用在 DNA 聚合酶上定位特异性决定位点——与宝锐酶库场景完全一致 | ACS Synth Biol 2019, 10.1021/acssynbio.9b00104 | ⚠摘要 |
| CODEC | 单分子双链纠错,无需双链完整配对到末端,适合短片段/低投入量文库 | Nat Genet 2023, 10.1038/s41588-023-01376-0 | ✓全文 |
| Enrich2 | 筛选前后测序计数 → 标准化活力评分 | Genome Biol 2017, 10.1186/s13059-017-1272-5 | ✓全文 |
| DiMSum | 内置误差模型 + 诊断建库/测序病理 | Genome Biol 2020, 10.1186/s13059-020-02091-3 | ✓全文 |
| alignparse | 长读长 DMS 数据解析(条码/突变成分) | JOSS 2019, 10.21105/joss.01915 | ✓全文 |
| 低频突变检出方法横评 | UMI / duplex / CODEC 等方案对比与选型 | Mutat Res Rev 2023, 10.1016/j.mrrev.2023.108471 | ✓全文 |
| 建库酶保真度决定背景错误 | 建库聚合酶保真度直接影响 UMI 文库背景错误率 → 最低可行组合 = 高保真建库酶 + UMI 共识读数 | Sci Rep 2019, 10.1038/s41598-019-39762-6 | ✓全文 |
§4.6 小结:把 §4.1b 与本节合并看,宝锐要做的三类改造都有现成对标值(耐抑制阈值、热稳定半衰期、保真度错配率),且筛选端(活菌 PCR / CSR / 液滴)与读出端(UMI + 高保真建库酶 + Enrich2/DiMSum)都有可复用的公开流程。
5. 文献缺口(已核实存在、但本机未获全文者)
5. 文献缺口(已核实存在、但本机未获全文者)
下表由
脚本/refresh_ref_flags.py按本机语料库自动生成,共 27 条。每条 DOI 均经 Crossref/Europe PMC 核实真实存在;缺口原因是出版社付费墙或本机无法访问,不影响其作为引用来源,但涉及具体数值时本报告一律不转抄未读到的数字。
| # | 文献 | DOI | 期刊 / 年 | 建议获取方式 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Development and future of droplet microfluidics | 10.1039/d3lc00729d | Lab on a Chip 2024 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 2 | Phage-assisted evolution and protein engineering yield compact, efficient prime editors | 10.1016/j.cell.2023.07.039 | Cell 2023 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 3 | Deep mutational scanning: assessing protein function on a massive scale | 10.1016/j.tibtech.2011.04.003 | Trends in Biotechnology 2011 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 4 | Deep sequencing methods for protein engineering and design | 10.1016/j.sbi.2016.11.001 | Curr Opin Struct Biol 2017 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 5 | Enhancing the accuracy of next-generation sequencing for detecting rare and subclonal mutations | 10.1038/nrg.2017.117 | Nature Reviews Genetics 2018 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 6 | Detecting ultralow-frequency mutations by Duplex Sequencing | 10.1038/nprot.2014.170 | Nature Protocols 2014 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 7 | Deep mining of antibody phage-display selections using Oxford Nanopore Technologies and Dual Unique Molecular Identifiers | 10.1016/j.nbt.2024.02.001 | New Biotechnology 2024 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 8 | UMIErrorCorrect and UMIAnalyzer: Software for Consensus Read Generation | 10.1093/clinchem/hvac136 | Clinical Chemistry 2022 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 9 | Unique molecular identifier-based amplicon sequencing | 10.1016/j.fsigen.2024.103096 | FSI: Genetics 2024 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 10 | Improving the Activity of Phi29 DNA Polymerase by SaProt Prediction | 10.1002/chem.71224 | Chemistry – A European Journal 2026 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 11 | Machine learning-guided engineering of T7 RNA polymerase | 10.1016/j.cej.2025.165191 | Chemical Engineering Journal 2025 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 12 | Accurate top protein variant discovery via low-N pick-and-validate | 10.1016/j.cels.2024.01.002 | Cell Systems 2024 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 13 | Simulating 500 million years of evolution with a language model | 10.1126/science.ads0018 | Science 2025 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 14 | Evolutionary-scale prediction of atomic-level protein structure with a language model | 10.1126/science.ade2574 | Science 2023 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 15 | Generative artificial intelligence for enzyme design and biocatalysis | 10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.102728 | Curr Opin Chem Biol 2026 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 16 | An enhanced activity and thermostability of chimeric Bst DNA polymerase | 10.1007/s00253-023-12751-6 | Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 17 | Double domain fusion improves the reverse transcriptase activity and thermostability | 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133243 | Int J Biol Macromol 2024 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 18 | Engineering thermostable friend mouse leukemia virus reverse transcriptase | 10.1016/j.bbrc.2025.151716 | Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2025 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 19 | Trehalose and mannitol based lyoprotection of Taq DNA polymerase | 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.12.022 | J Pharm Sci 2025 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 20 | Broad-Temperature Polymerase in Nucleic Acid Amplification-Based Detection | 10.1021/acssensors.5c03782 | ACS Sensors 2026 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 21 | Elucidating the mechanism of fulvic acid-mediated PCR inhibition | 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.112825 | Forensic Science International 2026 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 22 | Fluorescence coupling strategies in FADS for ultrahigh-throughput screening of enzymes, metabolites, and antibodies | 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108173 | Biotechnology Advances 2023 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 23 | Engineered bacterial orthogonal DNA replication system for continuous evolution | 10.1038/s41589-023-01387-2 | Nature Chemical Biology 2023 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 24 | Elucidating the Determinants of Polymerase Specificity by Microfluidic-Based Deep Mutational Scanning | 10.1021/acssynbio.9b00104 | ACS Synthetic Biology 2019 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 25 | Enhanced performance of KOD1 polymerase via fusion to Sto7d | 10.1016/j.pep.2025.106809 | Protein Expr Purif 2025 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 26 | Engineering and enhancement of Bst DNA polymerase variants: A review | 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148691 | Int J Biol Macromol 2025 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
| 27 | Evaluation of machine learning-assisted directed evolution across diverse combinatorial landscapes | 10.1016/j.cels.2025.101387 | Cell Systems 2025 | 作者索取 → 馆际互借 → 单篇购买 |
6. 对宝锐的落地建议
6. 对宝锐的落地建议
| 优先级 | 动作 | 主责 | 先决条件 |
|---|---|---|---|
| P0 | 盘点现役恒温/等温货号,建立「热稳定 + 耐抑制 + 保真度」三项基线数据 | 研发(酶学组) | 现有 QC 方法 |
| P0 | 用 CSR 思路做第一轮耐热/耐抑制变体库(不需要微流控平台即可起步) | 研发 | 库容量 ≥10⁴ |
| P1 | 引入 NGS + UMI 纠错作为库解析读出,替代「逐克隆测序」 | 研发 + 分子平台 | 建库与生信能力 |
| P1 | 建立 epPCR 突变率与突变谱的内部 SOP(对标已有公开基准) | 研发 | 测序验证能力 |
| P2 | 评估液滴分选(FADS)自建或委托 CRO,用于高难指标(如极端耐抑制剂) | 研发 + 采购 | 预算与成本测算 |
| P2 | 委托 FTO 检索:重点核 DNA shuffling 类方法专利到期日与特定酶变体序列权利要求 | 法务/知产 | 专利律师 |
| P3 | 评估 MLDE 闭环(先小样本、后自动化)的投入产出 | 研发 + IT | 数据沉淀 ≥1000 条变体 |
7. 参考文献(全部经 Crossref / Europe PMC 核实;✓全文 = 本机语料库可检索复核)
7. 参考文献(全部经 Crossref / Europe PMC 核实;✓全文 = 本机语料库可检索复核)
| # | 文献 | 期刊 / 年 | 主题 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Directed evolution: past, present, and future. DOI 10.1002/aic.13995 | AIChE Journal 2013 | 总览 | ✓全文 |
| 2 | A primer to directed evolution: current methodologies and future directions. DOI 10.1039/d2cb00231k | RSC Chemical Biology 2023 | 总览 | ✓全文 |
| 3 | Ultrahigh-throughput screening in drop-based microfluidics for directed evolution. DOI 10.1073/pnas.0910781107 | PNAS 2010 | 建库/高通量 | ✓全文 |
| 4 | Randomization of genes by PCR mutagenesis. DOI 10.1101/gr.2.1.28 | Genome Research 1992 | 建库 | ✓全文 |
| 5 | Mutants of Taq DNA polymerase resistant to PCR inhibitors allow DNA amplification from whole blood and crude soil samples. DOI 10.1093/nar/gkn1055 | Nucleic Acids Research 2009 | 耐抑制 | ✓全文 |
| 6 | Directed evolution of polymerase function by compartmentalized self-replication. DOI 10.1073/pnas.071052198 | PNAS 2001 | 连续/区室化 | ✓全文 |
| 7 | Novel mutations in Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus reverse transcriptase increase thermostability. DOI 10.1093/nar/gkn952 | Nucleic Acids Research 2009 | RT 热稳定 | ✓全文 |
| 8 | PCR fidelity of Pfu DNA polymerase and other thermostable DNA polymerases. DOI 10.1093/nar/24.18.3546 | Nucleic Acids Research 1996 | 保真度 | ✓全文 |
| 9 | Bst DNA Polymerase: Structure, Properties and Engineering Strategies in LAMP. DOI 10.3390/ijms27104261 | Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026 | Bst 工程化 | ✓全文 |
| (以下为 NGS 读出与纠错) | ||||
| 10 | Machine-learning-guided directed evolution for protein engineering. DOI 10.1038/s41592-019-0496-6 | Nature Methods 2019 | MLDE | ✓全文 |
| 11 | Machine learning-assisted directed protein evolution with combinatorial libraries. DOI 10.1073/pnas.1901979116 | PNAS 2019 | MLDE | ✓全文 |
| 12 | Machine Learning-Assisted Directed Evolution Navigates a Combinatorial Epistatic Fitness Landscape with Minimal Screening Burden(预印本). DOI 10.1101/2020.12.04.408955 | bioRxiv 2020 | MLDE | ✓全文 |
| 13 | Machine Learning-Guided Protein Engineering. DOI 10.1021/acscatal.3c02743 | ACS Catalysis 2023 | ML/AI | ✓全文 |
| 14 | Opportunities and Challenges for Machine Learning-Assisted Enzyme Engineering. DOI 10.1021/acscentsci.3c01275 | ACS Central Science 2024 | ML/AI | ✓全文 |
| 15 | Active learning-assisted directed evolution. DOI 10.1038/s41467-025-55987-8 | Nature Communications 2025 | ML/AI | ✓全文 |
| 16 | Accelerated enzyme engineering by machine-learning guided cell-free expression. DOI 10.1038/s41467-024-55399-0 | Nature Communications 2025 | ML/AI+无细胞 | ✓全文 |
| 17 | Integrating protein language models and automatic biofoundry for enhanced protein evolution. DOI 10.1038/s41467-025-56751-8 | Nature Communications 2025 | PLM+自驱动 | ✓全文 |
| 18 | Efficient evolution of human antibodies from general protein language models. DOI 10.1038/s41587-023-01763-2 | Nature Biotechnology 2023 | PLM | ✓全文 |
| 19 | Machine learning-guided co-optimization of fitness and diversity. DOI 10.1038/s41467-024-50698-y | Nature Communications 2024 | ML/AI | ⚠摘要 |
| (以下为 NGS 读出与纠错) | ||||
| 20 | Cell-free Directed Evolution of a Protease in Microdroplets at Ultrahigh Throughput. DOI 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00538 | ACS Synthetic Biology 2021 | 高通量 | ✓全文 |
| 21 | Ultra-High-Throughput Absorbance-Activated Droplet Sorting for Enzyme Screening at kHz. DOI 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04144 | Analytical Chemistry 2023 | 高通量 | ✓全文 |
| 22 | Ultrahigh-throughput screening-assisted in vivo directed evolution for enzyme engineering. DOI 10.1186/s13068-024-02457-w | Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod 2024 | 高通量 | ✓全文 |
| 23 | Droplet Microfluidics for High-Throughput Screening and Directed Evolution of Biomolecules. DOI 10.3390/mi15080971 | Micromachines 2024 | 高通量 | ✓全文 |
| 24 | Development and future of droplet microfluidics. DOI 10.1039/d3lc00729d | Lab on a Chip 2024 | 高通量 | ⚠摘要 |
| 25 | Recent Advances on Sorting Methods of High-Throughput Droplet-Based Microfluidics. DOI 10.3389/fchem.2021.666867 | Frontiers in Chemistry 2021 | 高通量 | ⚠摘要 |
| 26 | Phage-assisted evolution of allosteric protein switches. DOI 10.1038/s41467-026-71717-0 | Nature Communications 2026 | 连续进化 | ✓全文 |
| 27 | Phage-assisted evolution and protein engineering yield compact, efficient prime editors. DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2023.07.039 | Cell 2023 | 连续进化 | ⚠摘要 |
| (以下为 NGS 读出与纠错) | ||||
| 28 | A cost-effective and scalable barcoded library construction method for deep mutational scanning studies. DOI 10.1371/journal.pbio.3003645 | PLoS Biology 2026 | DMS | ✓全文 |
| 29 | Deep mutational scanning: assessing protein function on a massive scale. DOI 10.1016/j.tibtech.2011.04.003 | Trends in Biotechnology 2011 | DMS | ⚠摘要 |
| 30 | Optimization of a deep mutational scanning workflow. DOI 10.1186/s12864-024-10524-7 | BMC Genomics 2024 | DMS | ✓全文 |
| 31 | Deep mutational scanning reveals the molecular determinants of protein function. DOI 10.1038/s41467-023-41882-7 | Nature Communications 2023 | DMS | ✓全文 |
| 32 | Deep sequencing methods for protein engineering and design. DOI 10.1016/j.sbi.2016.11.001 | Curr Opin Struct Biol 2017 | NGS 读出 | ⚠摘要 |
| 33 | Enhancing the accuracy of next-generation sequencing for detecting rare and subclonal mutations. DOI 10.1038/nrg.2017.117 | Nature Reviews Genetics 2018 | 纠错 | ⚠摘要 |
| 34 | Detecting ultralow-frequency mutations by Duplex Sequencing. DOI 10.1038/nprot.2014.170 | Nature Protocols 2014 | 纠错 | ⚠摘要 |
| 35 | Detection of ultra-rare mutations by next-generation sequencing. DOI 10.1073/pnas.1208715109 | PNAS 2012 | 纠错 | ✓全文 |
| 36 | Detection and quantification of rare mutations with massively parallel sequencing. DOI 10.1073/pnas.1105422108 | PNAS 2011 | 纠错 | ✓全文 |
| 37 | Integrated digital error suppression for improved detection of circulating tumor DNA. DOI 10.1038/nbt.3520 | Nature Biotechnology 2016 | 纠错 | ✓全文 |
| 38 | High efficiency error suppression for accurate detection of low-frequency variants. DOI 10.1093/nar/gkz474 | Nucleic Acids Research 2019 | 纠错 | ✓全文 |
| 39 | Impact of Polymerase Fidelity on Background Error Rates in Next-Generation Sequencing with Unique Molecular Identifiers. DOI 10.1038/s41598-019-39762-6 | Scientific Reports 2019 | 酶×NGS | ✓全文 |
| 40 | How error correction affects polymerase chain reaction deduplication. DOI 10.1002/qub2.99 | Quantitative Biology 2025 | 酶×NGS | ✓全文 |
| 41 | AAVolve: Concatenated long-read deep sequencing enables whole capsid tracking during shuffled AAV library selection. DOI 10.1016/j.omtm.2024.101351 | Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2024 | 长读长 | ✓全文 |
| 42 | Deep mining of antibody phage-display selections using Oxford Nanopore Technologies and Dual Unique Molecular Identifiers. DOI 10.1016/j.nbt.2024.02.001 | New Biotechnology 2024 | 长读长 | ⚠摘要 |
| 43 | Nanopore Technology and Its Applications in Gene Sequencing. DOI 10.3390/bios11070214 | Biosensors 2021 | 长读长 | ✓全文 |
| 44 | Methyl-CODEC enables simultaneous methylation and duplex sequencing. DOI 10.1093/nar/gkaf482 | Nucleic Acids Research 2025 | 纠错 | ✓全文 |
| 45 | RUMINA: high-throughput deduplication of unique molecular identifiers. DOI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btag097 | Bioinformatics 2026 | 纠错 | ✓全文 |
| 46 | UMIErrorCorrect and UMIAnalyzer: Software for Consensus Read Generation. DOI 10.1093/clinchem/hvac136 | Clinical Chemistry 2022 | 纠错 | ⚠摘要 |
| 47 | Unique molecular identifier-based amplicon sequencing. DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2024.103096 | FSI: Genetics 2024 | 纠错 | ⚠摘要 |
| 48 | High-throughput droplet digital PCR system for absolute quantitation of DNA copy number. DOI 10.1021/ac202028g | Analytical Chemistry 2011 | ddPCR | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Deep Learning-Guided Engineering of Bst DNA Polymerase Improves LAMP-Based Detection of Foodborne Pathogens. DOI 10.3390/microorganisms14050954 | Microorganisms 2026 | ★DL×聚合酶 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Improving the Activity of Phi29 DNA Polymerase by SaProt Prediction. DOI 10.1002/chem.71224 | Chemistry – A European Journal 2026 | PLM×聚合酶 | ⚠摘要 |
| ★ | Machine learning-guided engineering of T7 RNA polymerase. DOI 10.1016/j.cej.2025.165191 | Chemical Engineering Journal 2025 | ML×聚合酶 | ⚠摘要 |
| ★ | Improved Bst DNA Polymerase Variants Derived via a Machine Learning-Assisted Approach. DOI 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00451 | Biochemistry 2021 | ML×Bst | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Optimizing enzyme thermostability by combining multiple mutations. DOI 10.1002/mlf2.12151 | mLife 2024 | 热稳定组合突变 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Best Practices for Machine Learning-Assisted Protein Engineering. DOI 10.1021/acs.jcim.5c01983 | J Chem Inf Model 2025 | ML 最佳实践 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Accurate top protein variant discovery via low-N pick-and-validate. DOI 10.1016/j.cels.2024.01.002 | Cell Systems 2024 | 低数据量 | ⚠摘要 |
| ★ | Fine-tuning protein language models boosts predictions across diverse tasks. DOI 10.1038/s41467-024-51844-2 | Nature Communications 2024 | PLM | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Enhancing efficiency of protein language models with minimal fine-tuning. DOI 10.1038/s41467-024-49798-6 | Nature Communications 2024 | PLM | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Simulating 500 million years of evolution with a language model. DOI 10.1126/science.ads0018 | Science 2025 | PLM 前沿 | ⚠摘要 |
| ★ | Evolutionary-scale prediction of atomic-level protein structure with a language model. DOI 10.1126/science.ade2574 | Science 2023 | PLM 前沿 | ⚠摘要 |
| ★ | Generative artificial intelligence for enzyme design and biocatalysis. DOI 10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.102728 | Curr Opin Chem Biol 2026 | 生成式设计 | ⚠摘要 |
| ★ | Charge Engineering Improves the Performance of Bst DNA Polymerase Fusions. DOI 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00559 | ACS Synthetic Biology 2022 | Bst 电荷工程 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Identification of Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase variants with increased mismatch discrimination and reverse transcriptase activity. DOI 10.1038/s41598-018-37233-y | Scientific Reports 2019 | KlenTaq 库 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Engineering of novel DNA polymerase variants for single enzyme quantitative RT-PCR. DOI 10.1038/s41598-025-10211-x | Scientific Reports 2025 | Taq RT+NGS 误差 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Live culture-based qPCR screening of Taq DNA polymerase variants for resistance to PCR inhibitors. DOI 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1624735 | Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2025 | 活菌筛选法 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | A Novel Thermostable and Processive Reverse Transcriptase from a Group II Intron of Anoxybacillus flavithermus. DOI 10.3390/biom14010049 | Biomolecules 2023 | RT 热稳定 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | The A, B, C, D's of replicative DNA polymerase fidelity. DOI 10.1093/nar/gkaf1143 | Nucleic Acids Research 2025 | 保真度方法学 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Beyond Chelation: EDTA Tightly Binds Taq DNA Polymerase and Directly Inhibits dNTPase Activity. DOI 10.3390/biom9100621 | Biomolecules 2019 | 抑制剂机制 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | An enhanced activity and thermostability of chimeric Bst DNA polymerase. DOI 10.1007/s00253-023-12751-6 | Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023 | Bst 嵌合体 | ⚠摘要 |
| ★ | Double domain fusion improves the reverse transcriptase activity and thermostability. DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133243 | Int J Biol Macromol 2024 | RT 域融合 | ⚠摘要 |
| ★ | Engineering thermostable friend mouse leukemia virus reverse transcriptase. DOI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2025.151716 | Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2025 | RT 热稳定 | ⚠摘要 |
| ★ | Characterisation and engineering of a thermophilic RNA ligase. DOI 10.1093/nar/gkae149 | Nucleic Acids Research 2024 | 连接酶 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Substrate Recognition Governs Reverse Transcriptase Resistance to Inhibitors. DOI 10.3390/diagnostics16121881 | Diagnostics 2026 | RT 耐抑制 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Trehalose and mannitol based lyoprotection of Taq DNA polymerase. DOI 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.12.022 | J Pharm Sci 2025 | ★酶+冻干 | ⚠摘要 |
| ★ | Development and evaluation of a lyophilization protocol for colorimetric LAMP. DOI 10.1038/s41598-024-61163-7 | Scientific Reports 2024 | ★冻干 LAMP | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Broad-Temperature Polymerase in Nucleic Acid Amplification-Based Detection. DOI 10.1021/acssensors.5c03782 | ACS Sensors 2026 | 宽温域聚合酶 | ⚠摘要 |
| ★ | Mechanistic insights into melanin-induced PCR inhibition. DOI 10.1038/s41598-026-35010-w | Scientific Reports 2026 | 抑制剂机制 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Elucidating the mechanism of fulvic acid-mediated PCR inhibition. DOI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.112825 | Forensic Science International 2026 | 抑制剂机制 | ⚠摘要 |
| ★ | Fluorescence coupling strategies in FADS for ultrahigh-throughput screening of enzymes, metabolites, and antibodies. DOI 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108173 | Biotechnology Advances 2023 | FADS 偶联 | ⚠摘要 |
| ★ | Ultrahigh-Throughput Enzyme Engineering and Discovery in In Vitro Compartments. DOI 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00910 | Chemical Reviews 2023 | 高通量综述 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Phage-assisted continuous and non-continuous evolution. DOI 10.1038/s41596-020-00410-3 | Nature Protocols 2020 | PACE 流程 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Engineered bacterial orthogonal DNA replication system for continuous evolution. DOI 10.1038/s41589-023-01387-2 | Nature Chemical Biology 2023 | 连续进化 | ⚠摘要 |
| ★ | Highly mutagenic continuous evolution in E. coli using a Φ29-based orthogonal replication system. DOI 10.1038/s41587-025-02944-x | Nature Biotechnology 2026 | 连续进化 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Unraveling the salt tolerance of Phi29 DNA polymerase using compartmentalized self-replication and microfluidics. DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1267196 | Frontiers in Microbiology 2023 | CSR×聚合酶 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | High-throughput screening of cell-free riboswitches by fluorescence-activated droplet sorting. DOI 10.1093/nar/gkac152 | Nucleic Acids Research 2022 | 无细胞液滴 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Elucidating the Determinants of Polymerase Specificity by Microfluidic-Based Deep Mutational Scanning. DOI 10.1021/acssynbio.9b00104 | ACS Synthetic Biology 2019 | DMS×聚合酶 | ⚠摘要 |
| ★ | Single duplex DNA sequencing with CODEC detects mutations with high sensitivity. DOI 10.1038/s41588-023-01376-0 | Nature Genetics 2023 | 纠错 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | A statistical framework for analyzing deep mutational scanning data (Enrich2). DOI 10.1186/s13059-017-1272-5 | Genome Biology 2017 | DMS 分析 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | DiMSum: an error model and pipeline for analyzing deep mutational scanning data. DOI 10.1186/s13059-020-02091-3 | Genome Biology 2020 | DMS 分析 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | alignparse: parsing complex features from high-throughput long-read sequencing. DOI 10.21105/joss.01915 | Journal of Open Source Software 2019 | 长读长分析 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Next-generation sequencing methodologies to detect low-frequency mutations. DOI 10.1016/j.mrrev.2023.108471 | Mutation Research Reviews 2023 | 纠错选型 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Neq2X7: a multi-purpose and open-source fusion DNA polymerase. DOI 10.1186/s12896-024-00844-7 | BMC Biotechnology 2024 | dUTP 兼容 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Natural diversity-guided catalytic-core chimerism engineers a rapid and inhibitor-tolerant reverse transcriptase. DOI 10.1186/s13036-026-00692-3 | Journal of Biological Engineering 2026 | 耐抑制 RT | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Engineering a Thermostable Reverse Transcriptase for RT-PCR (Pfu 理性设计). DOI 10.3390/biom15111507 | Biomolecules 2025 | 单酶 RT-PCR | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Enhanced performance of KOD1 polymerase via fusion to Sto7d. DOI 10.1016/j.pep.2025.106809 | Protein Expr Purif 2025 | 延伸速度 | ⚠摘要 |
| ★ | Engineering and enhancement of Bst DNA polymerase variants: A review. DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148691 | Int J Biol Macromol 2025 | Bst 位点图谱 | ⚠摘要 |
| ★ | High-temperature ssBP-LAMP breaks the barrier of nonspecific amplification. DOI 10.1186/s11658-026-00926-8 | Cell Mol Biol Lett 2026 | 高温 LAMP | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Robust deep learning-based protein sequence design using ProteinMPNN. DOI 10.1126/science.add2187 | Science 2022 | 逆折叠设计 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Large language models generate functional protein sequences across diverse families (ProGen). DOI 10.1038/s41587-022-01618-2 | Nature Biotechnology 2023 | 生成式 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | An enzyme-specific protein language model for catalytic property prediction. DOI 10.1038/s41467-026-75283-3 | Nature Communications 2026 | 酶专用 PLM | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Tailoring industrial enzymes for thermostability and activity evolution by machine learning. DOI 10.1038/s41467-025-55944-5 | Nature Communications 2025 | ML 热稳定 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Evaluation of machine learning-assisted directed evolution across diverse combinatorial landscapes. DOI 10.1016/j.cels.2025.101387 | Cell Systems 2025 | MLDE 边界 | ⚠摘要 |
| ★ | Self-driving laboratories to autonomously navigate the protein fitness landscape. DOI 10.1038/s44286-023-00002-4 | Nature Chemical Engineering 2024 | 自驱动实验室 | ✓全文 |
| ★ | Evaluating zero-shot prediction of monomeric protein design success. DOI 10.1002/pro.70453 | Protein Science 2026 | 零样本陷阱 | ✓全文 |